The adenoids are lymphoid tissues (similar to tonsils) at the back of the nose. This area is called the nasopharynx. The sinuses drain into the nose and down the back of the throat through the nasopharynx. The ears also drain into the nasopharynx through Eustachian tubes.

If the adenoids are large and blocking the drainage, then ear and sinus infections can occur, and keep coming back. Removing the adenoids to improve the drainage often helps to decrease the frequency of infections.

The usual first step is to find out the size of the adenoids. A doctor uses an endoscope to look directly at the adenoids. Another option is to get an X-ray.

If the adenoids are large, surgery is a reasonable option. If they are not enlarged, then other causes for the infections should be investigated.